Max IQ to believe in "dualism"
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Date: July 22nd, 2026 8:12 PM Author: masc fit hung stud seeking cock
Dualism is the philosophical theory that reality consists of two fundamental, irreducible elements or principles. Depending on the context, it emphasizes the sharp distinction between independent or antagonistic sides, such as the material and the immaterial, or good and evil.
Mind-Body Dualism
In the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, mind-body dualism is the view that the mind (the mental realm) and the body (physical matter) are fundamentally distinct and both real.
Substance Dualism:
Most famously championed by René Descartes in the 17th century, this asserts that the mind and body are two completely different substances. The mind is an immaterial, thinking entity, while the body is a physical, spatially extended entity.
Property Dualism: This variation argues that there is only one physical substance, but it possesses two distinct fundamental properties: physical properties and mental properties.
Metaphysical and Religious Dualism
Beyond the mind, dualism applies to broader reality and theological concepts:
Cosmic Dualism: The belief that the universe is governed by two opposing, often antagonistic principles, such as Good and Evil, or Light and Darkness (prominent in ancient traditions like Zoroastrianism).Platonic Dualism: Traced back to Plato, it separates reality into the imperfect, changing material world and the perfect, unchanging realm of "Forms".
Psychological and Behavioral Dualism
In psychology and everyday reasoning, dualistic thinking involves reducing complex issues into simplistic binaries (e.g., us vs. them, rational vs. emotional). While it helps organize thoughts, it can also lead to oversimplification, polarization, and a lack of empathy.
Dualism directly contrasts with monism (the belief that reality is made of only one substance, like physicalism or idealism) and pluralism (the belief in many substances). For a comprehensive look at the arguments for and against this concept, explore the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
(http://www.autoadmit.com/thread.php?thread_id=5885256&forum_id=2:#50017883) |
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Date: July 22nd, 2026 10:09 PM
Author: .,.,...,..,.,.,:,,:,...,:::,...,:,.,.:..:.
(http://www.autoadmit.com/thread.php?thread_id=5885256&forum_id=2:#50018206) |
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Date: July 22nd, 2026 8:09 PM Author: The Penis
That is false, but also irrelevant.
Suppose physical causal closure is false and res cogitans affects the brain. Then specify the interaction. What physical states does it change, under what conditions, according to what regularities? And how could its contribution be distinguished from ordinary physical causes? Once it has systematic, detectable effects, it becomes part of the empirical causal ontology.
Rejecting causal closure only makes interaction logically available. It does not establish two substances, explain their boundary or solve the interaction problem.
(http://www.autoadmit.com/thread.php?thread_id=5885256&forum_id=2:#50017878) |
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